August 29, 2021
We provide evidence that midlatitude postsunrise traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) are comprised of electrified waves with an eastward propagation component. The post-sunrise gravity wave (GW) wind-induced dynamo action effectively generated periodic meridional polarization electric fields (PEFs), facilitating TID zonal propagation in a similar fashion as GW-driven neutral perturbations.
2021). Electrified postsunrise ionospheric perturbations at Millstone Hill. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2021GL095151. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL095151
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